What is GST?
Goods and Services Tax (GST) is a destination-based indirect tax levied on the supply of goods and services in India. It came into force on 1 July 2017 under the Central GST Act, 2017, and replaced taxes such as VAT, excise duty, service tax and entry tax. Because tax paid on purchases (input tax credit) is set off against tax on sales, GST removes the cascading effect of “tax on tax”.
Types of GST
| Type | Levied by | Applies to |
|---|---|---|
| CGST (Central GST) | Central Government | Supplies within the same state |
| SGST (State GST) | State Government | Supplies within the same state, charged with CGST |
| UTGST (Union Territory GST) | Union Territory | Supplies within a UT without a legislature, charged with CGST |
| IGST (Integrated GST) | Central Government | Inter-state supplies, imports and exports |
GST rate structure
After the GST rate rationalisation effective 22 September 2025, most goods and services fall into two main slabs: 5% (merit rate) and 18% (standard rate). A 40% rate applies to select luxury and sin goods, essentials remain at nil, and special rates apply to items such as gold (3%). Always check the current rate for your HSN or SAC code before invoicing — or use our GST calculator.
What is a GSTIN?
A GSTIN is the 15-digit GST Identification Number issued on registration. The first 2 digits are the state code, the next 10 are the PAN, the 13th is the entity number for that PAN in the state, the 14th is “Z” by default, and the 15th is a check digit.
GST Registration Online
GST registration is mandatory once your aggregate turnover crosses the threshold for your state and type of supply, and you must apply within 30 days of becoming liable. Filing360 prepares and files your application, tracks queries from the officer and delivers your GST certificate. See the full walkthrough in how to get a GST number online.

GST registration threshold limit
| Category | Normal states | Special category states* |
|---|---|---|
| Supplier of goods only | ₹40 lakh | ₹20 lakh |
| Supplier of services (or goods + services) | ₹20 lakh | ₹10 lakh |
The lower limits apply to Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland and Tripura. Other north-eastern and hill states have notified their own limits.
Who must register regardless of turnover
- Persons making inter-state taxable supply of goods
- Casual taxable persons and non-resident taxable persons
- Persons liable to pay tax under reverse charge (RCM)
- E-commerce operators, and sellers supplying goods through e-commerce platforms
- Input Service Distributors (ISD)
- Persons required to deduct TDS or collect TCS under GST
- Agents supplying on behalf of registered principals
- Suppliers of online information and database access (OIDAR) services from outside India to unregistered persons in India
Voluntary GST registration
Businesses below the threshold can register voluntarily. Benefits include claiming input tax credit, selling to B2B buyers who want ITC, listing on marketplaces like Amazon and Flipkart, and building credibility with banks and large clients.
GST registration for freelancers, small businesses and online sellers
- Freelancers and consultants: registration is required once receipts cross ₹20 lakh, including income from foreign clients. Exports of services are zero-rated, and with an LUT you invoice foreign clients without GST. Read GST for freelancers.
- Small businesses and shops: below the threshold, registration is optional, but many register to supply larger B2B buyers. Eligible small businesses can also choose the composition scheme to pay a low fixed rate.
- Online sellers on Amazon, Flipkart and Meesho: sellers of goods through e-commerce operators generally need GST registration from the first sale, subject to limited relaxations for small intra-state sellers. Marketplaces usually ask for a GSTIN before listing.
Documents required for GST registration
| Business type | Documents |
|---|---|
| Proprietorship | PAN and Aadhaar of proprietor, photograph, bank statement or cancelled cheque, address proof of business place |
| Partnership / LLP | Firm PAN, partnership deed or LLP agreement, PAN, Aadhaar and photos of partners, authorised signatory letter, bank proof, address proof |
| Private / Public Limited Company | Company PAN, Certificate of Incorporation, MOA and AOA, board resolution for authorised signatory, PAN, Aadhaar and photos of directors, bank proof, address proof |
| Business premises proof | Electricity bill, property tax receipt or municipal khata; plus rent agreement or NOC from owner if rented or shared |
How to apply for a GST number online: step-by-step process
- 1
Consultation: a CA reviews your business, state and supply type and confirms the right registration category.
- 2
Document collection: you upload scanned documents on our secure portal or WhatsApp.
- 3
Part A of Form GST REG-01: PAN, mobile and email are verified by OTP and a Temporary Reference Number (TRN) is generated.
- 4
Part B of Form GST REG-01: business details, promoters, place of business, goods/services (HSN/SAC) and bank details are filed.
- 5
Aadhaar or biometric authentication: done online, or at a GST Suvidha Kendra where the portal requires it.
- 6
ARN generation: an Application Reference Number is issued to track status.
- 7
Officer review: queries, if any, are raised in Form GST REG-03 and answered in REG-04 within 7 working days.
- 8
GST certificate: approval in Form GST REG-06 with your GSTIN.
How long does GST registration take?
Approval is usually granted within 7 working days of the application. Where Aadhaar authentication is not opted for, or the officer orders physical verification of premises, it can take up to 30 days.
GST registration status check and certificate download
- Check status: on the GST portal, go to Services → Registration → Track Application Status and enter your ARN. The status shows as Pending for Processing, Pending for Clarification, Approved or Rejected.
- Download certificate: after approval, log in and go to Services → User Services → View/Download Certificates to download Form REG-06.
- Search a GSTIN: anyone can verify a supplier’s GST number under Search Taxpayer → Search by GSTIN/UIN.
GST registration fees and charges
The government charges no fee for GST registration. Filing360’s professional fee for registration is ₹999, exclusive of GST, covering documentation, filing and query handling. Get GST registration.
GST Schemes for Small Businesses
Two schemes reduce the compliance load for small taxpayers: the Composition Scheme (lower tax, fewer returns) and the QRMP Scheme (quarterly returns, monthly tax). Filing360 checks your eligibility and helps you opt in or out at the right time.
GST Composition Scheme
The Composition Scheme under Section 10 lets small businesses pay tax at a flat percentage of turnover and file one quarterly statement instead of monthly returns. Compare it with the regular scheme in our composition vs regular GST guide.
| Category | Turnover limit (previous FY) | Tax rate on turnover |
|---|---|---|
| Manufacturers | ₹1.5 crore (₹75 lakh in special category states) | 1% |
| Traders (goods) | ₹1.5 crore (₹75 lakh in special category states) | 1% (on taxable supplies) |
| Restaurants (not serving alcohol) | ₹1.5 crore (₹75 lakh in special category states) | 5% |
| Service providers / mixed suppliers (Section 10(2A)) | ₹50 lakh | 6% |
Rates shown are total (CGST + SGST combined).
Who cannot opt for composition: manufacturers of notified goods (such as ice cream, pan masala and tobacco), inter-state suppliers of goods, casual and non-resident taxable persons, suppliers through e-commerce operators who collect TCS (relaxations apply to some small suppliers), and suppliers of non-taxable goods.
Key conditions:
- No input tax credit can be claimed.
- Tax cannot be collected from customers; a bill of supply is issued instead of a tax invoice.
- “Composition taxable person” must be displayed on the signboard and on every bill.
- To opt in, file Form GST CMP-02 before the start of the financial year (new registrants choose it in REG-01).
Pros: lower tax outgo, fewer returns, simpler books. Cons: no ITC, no inter-state sales of goods, and B2B buyers cannot claim credit. Filing for composition dealers starts at ₹5,999 a year — composite dealer filing.
QRMP Scheme (Quarterly Return Monthly Payment)
Taxpayers with aggregate turnover up to ₹5 crore can file GSTR-1 and GSTR-3B quarterly while paying tax monthly.
- Tax for the first two months of a quarter is paid by the 25th of the next month through Form PMT-06, using either the fixed-sum method (35% of last quarter’s cash liability) or the self-assessment method.
- The optional Invoice Furnishing Facility (IFF) lets you upload B2B invoices monthly so your buyers get timely ITC.
- You can opt in or out on the GST portal from the 1st of the second month of the preceding quarter to the last day of the first month of the quarter.
We file QRMP returns for you — see QRMP filing.
Other special registrations
- Casual Taxable Person: for temporary business at exhibitions or events in another state; valid for up to 90 days with an advance tax deposit.
- Non-Resident Taxable Person: foreign persons supplying occasionally in India.
- Input Service Distributor (ISD): for head offices distributing input service credit to branches (mandatory for common services from 1 April 2025).
- TDS/TCS registration: for government departments deducting tax and e-commerce operators collecting tax.
GST Return Filing
Every registered person must file GST returns even when there is no business in a period (a nil return). Filing360 reconciles your sales, purchases and GSTR-2B every month, then files GSTR-1 and GSTR-3B on time so you keep your input tax credit and avoid late fees. Monthly filing starts at ₹999.

Types of GST returns and due dates
| Return | Who files | What it contains | Due date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GSTR-1 | Regular taxpayers | Details of outward supplies (sales) | 11th of next month (monthly); 13th of month after quarter (QRMP) |
| IFF | QRMP taxpayers (optional) | B2B invoices for months 1 and 2 of the quarter | 13th of next month |
| GSTR-1A | Regular taxpayers (optional) | Amendment of current-period GSTR-1 | Before filing GSTR-3B of that period |
| GSTR-3B | Regular taxpayers | Summary return with tax payment and ITC claim | 20th of next month (monthly); 22nd or 24th of month after quarter (QRMP, by state) |
| CMP-08 | Composition taxpayers | Quarterly statement and tax payment | 18th of month after quarter |
| GSTR-4 | Composition taxpayers | Annual return | 30th April after the FY |
| GSTR-5 | Non-resident taxable persons | Outward and inward supplies | 13th of next month |
| GSTR-5A | OIDAR service providers | Services supplied to India | 20th of next month |
| GSTR-6 | Input Service Distributors | Distribution of ITC | 13th of next month |
| GSTR-7 | TDS deductors | Tax deducted at source | 10th of next month |
| GSTR-8 | E-commerce operators | Tax collected at source | 10th of next month |
| GSTR-9 | Regular taxpayers (optional if turnover up to ₹2 crore) | Annual return | 31st December after the FY |
| GSTR-9C | Taxpayers with turnover above ₹5 crore | Self-certified reconciliation statement | 31st December after the FY |
| GSTR-10 | Taxpayers whose registration is cancelled | Final return | Within 3 months of cancellation order |
| GSTR-11 | UIN holders (embassies, UN bodies) | Inward supplies for refund | 28th of next month |
Due dates are extended by notification from time to time. Filing360 clients receive every extension and reminder on WhatsApp and email.
Recent changes every taxpayer should know
- Invoice Management System (IMS): buyers can accept, reject or keep pending each supplier invoice before it flows into GSTR-2B.
- Hard-locking of GSTR-3B: liability auto-filled from GSTR-1 can no longer be edited in GSTR-3B; corrections go through GSTR-1A. See GSTR-1 vs GSTR-3B.
- Three-year time bar: returns cannot be filed after three years from their original due date, so old pending returns must be cleared quickly.
- E-invoicing: mandatory for businesses with aggregate turnover above ₹5 crore in any FY since 2017-18, and businesses with turnover of ₹10 crore or more must report each e-invoice within 30 days of its date.
GSTR-2B and input tax credit
GSTR-2B is an auto-generated, monthly statement of input tax credit available to you, built from your suppliers’ GSTR-1 and the invoices you accept in the Invoice Management System. Claim ITC in GSTR-3B only up to what appears in GSTR-2B; excess claims lead to DRC-01C notices with interest. Reconciling purchases with GSTR-2B every month is the single most important step in GST return filing.
E-way bill under GST
An e-way bill is required for moving goods worth more than ₹50,000 in one consignment, generated on the e-way bill portal before the goods move (some states set a higher limit for movement within the state). It is valid for 1 day per 200 km for normal cargo. Moving goods without a valid e-way bill can lead to detention of goods and a penalty.
Our GST return filing process
- 1
Share data: you share sales and purchase data monthly (Excel, Tally, Zoho or photos of bills).
- 2
Reconcile: we reconcile purchases with GSTR-2B and IMS and flag missing supplier invoices.
- 3
Prepare GSTR-1: we prepare GSTR-1 and share a summary for your approval.
- 4
Compute tax: we compute tax liability and ITC and share the challan amount.
- 5
File GSTR-3B: we file GSTR-3B after payment and send you the acknowledgement.
Start regular GST return filing, or file the year-end GSTR-9 annual return.
GST Registration Amendment
Any change in the details given at registration must be updated on the GST portal within 15 days of the change, using Form GST REG-14. Filing360 files the amendment, uploads supporting proofs and replies to officer queries. Professional fee: ₹999 per change request.
| Type of field | Examples | Approval |
|---|---|---|
| Core fields | Legal name of business (no PAN change), address of principal or additional place of business, addition or removal of partners, directors or Karta | Officer approval in Form GST REG-15, normally within 15 working days |
| Non-core fields | Email, mobile number, bank account, authorised signatory, HSN/SAC codes, business description | Auto-approved on filing |
| Not allowed | Change of PAN or constitution (e.g., proprietorship to company) | Fresh registration needed; the old GSTIN is cancelled |
Documents usually needed: proof of the change (new rent agreement, utility bill, board resolution, revised partnership deed or MCA records), and Aadhaar authentication of the new signatory or partner where applicable.
Tip: an outdated mobile number or email means you miss portal notices, so update them promptly. File a GST amendment.
GST Cancellation
A GST registration can be cancelled voluntarily by the taxpayer or suo motu by the tax officer. Until cancellation is approved, returns must continue, so close it properly rather than simply stopping filings.
When can you apply for cancellation?
- Business closed, sold, merged, demerged or transferred
- Change in constitution leading to a new PAN
- Turnover below the threshold and registration no longer required
- Death of the proprietor
- Voluntary registration no longer needed
When can the officer cancel your GSTIN?
- Returns not filed for six consecutive months (two consecutive quarters for composition taxpayers)
- Business not operating from the declared place
- Registration obtained by fraud or wilful misstatement
- Invoices issued without actual supply, or excess ITC claimed against GSTR-2B
- Composition taxpayer violating scheme conditions
GST cancellation process
- 1
File REG-16: file Form GST REG-16 with the reason, closure date and stock details on that date.
- 2
Pay tax on stock: pay tax on stock and capital goods held (ITC reversal) through the electronic ledger.
- 3
Order in REG-19: the officer passes an order in Form GST REG-19, usually within 30 days.
- 4
File GSTR-10: file the final return GSTR-10 within 3 months of the cancellation order, otherwise a late fee applies.
In a suo motu case, the officer first issues a show cause notice in Form GST REG-17, which must be answered in REG-18 within 7 working days. We file GSTR-10 for ₹999.
Revocation of Cancelled GST Registration
If the officer cancelled your GSTIN on their own, you can apply to restore it through revocation instead of taking a fresh registration. Revocation is not available when you applied for cancellation yourself. Full process: GST revocation of cancelled registration.
Time limit for revocation
Apply in Form GST REG-21 within 90 days of the date the cancellation order was served. The Additional or Joint Commissioner can extend this by up to 180 more days on sufficient cause.
GST revocation process
- 1
Clear returns: file all pending returns up to the date of cancellation and pay tax, interest and late fees.
- 2
File REG-21: file Form GST REG-21 with reasons and supporting documents.
- 3
REG-22 or notice: if the officer is satisfied, revocation is granted in Form GST REG-22 and your GSTIN becomes active again. If not, a notice in REG-23 is issued, to be answered in REG-24 within 7 working days.
- 4
Appeal: if revocation is rejected, you can file an appeal under Section 107 within 3 months.
Filing360 regularises your pending returns, drafts a strong reply and files the revocation, so your marketplace listings and B2B buyers are not disrupted. GST revocation from ₹999.
LUT Filing for Exporters (Form GST RFD-11)
A Letter of Undertaking (LUT) lets exporters of goods or services, and suppliers to SEZ units, make zero-rated supplies without paying IGST. Without an LUT you must pay IGST upfront and claim a refund later, which blocks working capital. Guide: LUT for export of services.
Who can file an LUT?
Any registered person exporting goods or services can furnish an LUT, except a person who has been prosecuted for tax evasion exceeding ₹2.5 crore.
Key points about LUT
- An LUT is valid for one financial year and must be renewed every year, ideally before 31 March for the coming year.
- It is filed online in Form GST RFD-11 and is generally accepted instantly on the portal.
- Goods must be exported within 3 months of the invoice, and payment for services must be received within the RBI timelines; otherwise IGST with interest becomes payable.
- Invoices must carry the note “Supply meant for export / supply to SEZ unit or SEZ developer for authorised operations under Letter of Undertaking without payment of IGST”.
- Freelancers, IT companies, consultants and digital agencies with foreign clients benefit the most.
Documents for LUT
GSTIN, PAN, authorised signatory details, Import Export Code (IEC) for exporters of goods, details of two independent witnesses (name, address, occupation), and a DSC or EVC of the authorised signatory.
Refund of unutilised ITC
Exporting under LUT lets you claim a refund of accumulated input tax credit through Form GST RFD-01. Filing360 also prepares and files these refund applications. File this year’s LUT for ₹999.
GST Refund
A GST refund can be claimed when you have paid more tax than due or have unused input tax credit that cannot be set off. The application is filed in Form GST RFD-01 within 2 years from the relevant date.
| Refund type | Who claims it |
|---|---|
| Unutilised ITC on exports under LUT | Exporters of goods and services |
| IGST paid on export of goods | Exporters; processed through the shipping bill |
| Inverted duty structure | Businesses whose input tax rate is higher than output tax rate |
| Excess balance in electronic cash ledger | Any taxpayer |
| Tax paid on a supply later cancelled or excess payment | Any taxpayer |
| Deemed exports | Supplier or recipient of deemed exports |
For zero-rated supplies, 90% of the refund can be granted provisionally within 7 days, and the final order is due within 60 days of a complete application; delayed refunds carry interest. Filing360 prepares the statements, reconciles ITC and files refund applications — talk to a CA for a quote.
GST Notice Reply
Most GST notices are system-generated queries about mismatches between GSTR-1, GSTR-3B and GSTR-2B, scrutiny of returns (ASMT-10), non-filing (GSTR-3A) or proposed cancellation (REG-17). Each has a fixed reply window, often only 7 to 30 days. Filing360’s CAs review the notice, reconcile your data, draft a point-by-point reply with supporting documents and file it on the portal, so a small query does not become a tax demand or cancellation. Read how to reply to a GST notice, then book a free 15-minute call.
GST Penalties, Late Fees and Interest
Late or missed GST compliance costs far more than a professional’s fee.
| Default | Consequence |
|---|---|
| Late filing of GSTR-1 / GSTR-3B | ₹50 per day (₹25 CGST + ₹25 SGST); ₹20 per day for nil returns; capped by turnover slab |
| Late payment of tax | Interest at 18% per annum on net cash liability |
| Excess or wrong ITC claimed and utilised | Interest at 24% per annum, plus penalty |
| Late GSTR-9 | ₹200 per day, capped at 0.5% of turnover in the state (lower for smaller taxpayers) |
| Not registering when liable | Penalty of 10% of tax due or ₹10,000, whichever is higher; 100% of tax in fraud cases |
| Non-filing for 6 months | Cancellation of GSTIN and blocking of e-way bills |
GST compliance tips from our CAs
- Reconcile purchases with GSTR-2B every month before filing GSTR-3B, and claim ITC only on invoices that appear there.
- Use the Invoice Management System to reject wrong supplier invoices on time.
- Pay suppliers within 180 days, or the ITC claimed must be reversed with interest.
- Generate e-way bills for movement of goods above ₹50,000.
- Keep books and records for at least 72 months from the annual return due date.
- Respond to every portal notice (DRC-01, ASMT-10, REG-17) within the time allowed.
Why Choose Filing360 for GST?
Filing360 is run by qualified Chartered Accountants, so your GST work is handled by professionals, not data-entry agents.
CA-led service
Every filing is reviewed by a Chartered Accountant.
Transparent pricing
Fixed fees with no hidden charges.
Dedicated account manager
One point of contact on WhatsApp and phone.
Proactive reminders
Due-date alerts so you never pay a late fee.
Notice support
Help with replies to GST notices and officer queries.
Pan-India service
Fully online, for businesses in any state.
GST services in Delhi
Filing360 serves businesses across India online and works directly with clients in Delhi and nearby areas such as Noida and Gurgaon. Whether you need GST registration in Delhi, monthly GST return filing or help with a notice from your local GST office, you get the same CA-led service, with in-person meetings available on request.

